Bird Watching in Nepal: Rare Birds in Great Sceneries

Nepal is one of the most blessed countries when it comes to trekking and Himalayan gems. To the nature lover, Nepal is not just about trekking but much more than just an adventure. The geography of Nepal has provided an ideal scenario for bird watching in Nepal, which provides shelter to more than 890 species of birds.

In simple general definitions, birdwatching is a kind of hobby targeted at observing and identifying various species of birds in the wild. Rich birdlife combined with a diverse range of habitats makes Nepal considered one of the best countries for birdwatching. The topography of Nepal from flat Terai to towering peaks of the Himalayas forms different ecosystems, which support over 900 species of birds. These include both residential and migratory species, some of which are not found anywhere in the world.

Some of the reasons which make Nepal an ideal destination for birdwatching are stated below:

• Variety of Habitats: Starting from subtropical forests to alpine meadows, different topographies have supported different species in Nepal. Each region offers unique birdwatching opportunities.
• Wide Range of Species: More than 900 species have been found inhabiting in Nepal, and many of the birds belonging to the category of endangered and migratory include the Himalayan vulture, white-rumped vulture, and various species of pheasants.
• Protected Areas: Many national parks and wildlife reserves, including Chitwan National Park and Bardiya National Park, are among the best areas in Nepal for birdwatching.
• Migratory Bird Routes: Nepal falls in the passage through which many birds migrate between South Asia and Central Asia, mainly the Himalayan flyway; therefore, it is a spot to view the seasonal visitors.

Best Locations for Birdwatching

• Chitwan National Park

Chitwan National Park houses over 540 species of birds. Wetlands and grasslands combine to form a perfect habitat for many birds. ocals and visitors commonly can see the kingfishers diving into the water, storks wading in the shallows, and eagles flying overhead. In winter, this place is a haven for migratory species such as the Siberian rubythroat and greater spotted eagle. A walk along the Rapti River will heighten the chances of viewing some of the rare waterfowl.

Source- Google

• Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve

Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve is a haven for such waterfowl and wetland birds. Koshi Tappu provides shelter for critically endangered species like Bengal florican. During winter, hundreds of migratory birds like Bar-headed Geese and Ruddy Shelduck use this place as their abode in the winter season. Lying in immense grasslands along with water bodies, the Reserve enjoys its place within the top-ranking destinations for photographing birds.

Source- Google

• Phulchoki Hill

Phulchoki Hill is one of the closest to Kathmandu and is a site for bird watchers. This evergreen dense forest is famous for the spiny babbler-the species of birds that you find only in Nepal. Other birds here include sunbirds, laughing-thrushes, and minivets. Its proximity to the capital makes it excellent for day trips. One should early morning hike the trails through it for good bird watching.

Source- Google

• Annapurna Conservation Area

Trekking and birding in the Annapurna region take another proportion: different altogether from many conservation areas featuring the Himalayan monal, Nepal’s national bird for its iridescent plumage of resplendent beauty. t is all probable that snow partridges and rosefinches might take some chances in the higher regions, while around Ghandruk and Ghorepani, in the forest pheasants, and wand warblers will be in sight.

Source- Google

• Bardia National Park

The forests and the rivers of Bardia National Park are in pristine condition and attract birds of various types. The hornbills, orioles, and barbets are quite common here. This park is comparably quiet compared to Chitwan and provides good quiet time for bird-watching. One can always take a slow walk along the banks of the Karnali River for whatever rare wetland species come here.

Source- Google

Rare Birds to Watch

1. Himalayan Monal

Source- Google

The Himalayan Monal is one of the most beautiful birds due to its bright-colored plumage. Major iridescent colors, mostly in males, including shades of blue and green with hints of red, having a casque or crest on the head. It is the national bird of Nepal, found in higher altitude forests and meadows from 2,000 to 4,000 meters above sea level. The Himalayan Monal finds a fair representation in the local cultures and is associated with grace and beauty. It inhabits areas such as the Annapurna Conservation Area among other highlands of Nepal.

2. Spiny Babbler

Source: Google

Turdoides nipalensis, the Spiny Babbler, is very rare in Nepal. Because of this, bird lovers yearn to have a glimpse once in their lifetime. Medium-sized, it looks spiny mainly in its tail and backside feathers. These can be seen in scrublands, forest edges, and low-lying areas mainly in central and eastern Nepal. It is seen in pairs or very small groups of spiny babblers, and a rare event to sport the bird because of its very limited distribution. 3. Bengal Florican

3. Bengal Florican

Source- Google

 The Bengal Florican (Houbaropsis bengalensis) is a critically endangered bird found in the grasslands of Nepal, particularly in the lowland Terai region. The male Bengal Florican is ornamented in striking, distinctive plumage: a black body with white wings catches the eye well in grasslands where this species occurs. On account of the dwindling population as a result of habitat loss and other environmental stresses, it has now become one of the prime concerns of conservationists. They are so rare birds that make any birdwatcher a jumping jack, especially during breeding since males can perform unparalleled courtship displays.

4. Sarus Crane

Source- Google

Standing over five feet tall, this is the tallest flying bird in the world. It has been described as one of the most gracefully looking birds, hence it is easily recognizable, with the bird having lengthy legs and a gray-and-red-headed body. These cranes in Nepal can usually be found in wetlands, paddy fields, or other water bodies. These cranes are known to make calls and can usually be spotted as a pair or in small groups. It is the species of conservation priority, and for its size and grace, any sighting is a highlight for the birdwatcher.

5. White-rumped Vulture

Source- Google

White-rumped Vulture Gyps bengalensis Common and widely distributed over most of South Asia has undergone rapid declines throughout its range, with no significant populations in much of that region. The decline is due primarily to poisoning from veterinary drugs toxic to vultures. This large vulture, with its white patch on its back, is mainly found in the lowland areas of Nepal and is most often seen in protected areas and national parks. Vulture-safe zones and other such conservation measures continue to take place for this species to prevent further decline.

Tips for Bird-Watching tips in Nepal:

• Choose the right time 
•    Winter (October to February): This is considered the best time for bird watching as most of the migratory birds reach Nepal during this period. The cool temperature lures various species, particularly in the Terai region and wetlands.
• Spring (March to May: It is the time of the year when different species of native birds breed during this season. Time of the year is superb and other than migratory birds one could get a chance to glimpse into different colorful events of the local species’ nest-building, nurturing of their juveniles, etc.
• Find yourself the right guide. Guides have loads of information on the various birds, from their calls to their general habits and preferred habitats. You would be better suited to quickly spot a rare, very shy bird with more details into the ecosystem you visit.
• You would need a good pair of binoculars to view birds up close without disturbing them. These could be 8x or 10x with which a whole variety of birds could be observed.
• In case one wants to capture the beauty of the birds, take a camera with a telephoto lens.
• Avoid Unnecessary Noise, do not disturb the birds with noise or run them away; please speak softly and make less agitation in movement.
• Always stick to marked trails and never move from them so as not to destroy the local habitat. 
• Never feed the birds, chase after them, or in any way disturb any birds. The standing distance out of their sight allows them not to interfere with its natural pattern and habitats.

The suggestions mentioned above can allow one to see many bird species in Nepal while conserving some of its unique and diverse avifauna for many decades to come.

Conclusion

The landscape and bird diversity of Nepal vary from a birdwatcher’s paradise to name from Koshi Tappu wetlands to the alpine meadows of Annapurna, each has its uniqueness for sighting rare and beautiful birds. If you are planning a trip to Nepal then add birdwatching to your wishlist. If you want to more about adventure in Nepal, then you can contact us at Happy Mountain Nepal, on Facebook, Instagram, or TikTok.

FAQs

1. When is the best time for birdwatching in Nepal?

• The best time for birdwatching in Nepal is during the winter months (October to February) when migratory birds arrive. Spring (March to May) is also ideal for observing native birds, particularly during their breeding season.

2. What rare bird species do people find in Nepal?

• Some rare species of birds in Nepal include the Himalayan Vulture, White-rumped Vulture, Nepal Wren-Babbler, and Danphe (Himalayan Monal), which is the national bird of Nepal.

3. Where are the best places for birdwatching in Nepal?

• Some of the top birdwatching spots in Nepal include:
  • Chitwan National Park
  • Bardiya National Park
  • Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve
  • Sagarmatha National Park
  • Rara Lake and surrounding areas

4. What kind of birds can I see in Nepal?

• Nepal hosts a wide variety of bird species, including migratory and resident birds such as pheasants, waterfowl, raptors, and passerines. Species like the Himalayan Griffon, Spotted Forktail, and Greater Adjutant Stork are often spotted.

5. Can I go birdwatching in the mountains of Nepal?

• Yes, the mountainous regions of Nepal, especially around the Annapurna Conservation Area and Sagarmatha National Park, offer excellent birdwatching opportunities. Here, you can spot high-altitude species like the Snow Partridge and Himalayan Buzzard.

6. Do I need a guide for birdwatching in Nepal?

• While it’s not mandatory, having a local guide significantly enhances the birdwatching experience. Guides know the local bird calls, habitat preferences, and the best spots to find rare species, making your experience more fruitful.

7. How can I prepare for birdwatching in Nepal?

• To prepare, bring a good pair of binoculars (8x or 10x magnification), a field guide specific to Nepal’s bird species, a camera with a telephoto lens, and comfortable clothing for walking in varying terrain. Also, research the birds you may encounter.

8. Are there any restrictions on birdwatching in Nepal?

• Yes, certain protected areas have specific rules regarding access, especially in national parks and wildlife reserves. It’s essential to follow all guidelines, stay on marked trails, and respect wildlife to preserve the habitats and the birds.

9. Is birdwatching in Nepal suitable for beginners?

• Yes, birdwatching in Nepal is suitable for both beginners and experienced birders. Beginners can enjoy the diversity of birds in easier-to-reach areas like Chitwan and Koshi Tappu, while more experienced birdwatchers can explore remote regions in the Himalayas.

10. What should I avoid while birdwatching in Nepal?

• Avoid making loud noises, disturbing birds, or venturing off the marked trails. Don’t try to feed the birds or get too close to them, as this can disrupt their natural behavior and habitat. Always respect local wildlife and the environment.