Bird Watching in Nepal: Rare Birds in Great Sceneries

Nepal is one of the most blessed countries when it comes to trekking and Himalayan gems. Nepal is not only about trekking for nature lovers but much more than only adventure. The geography of Nepal has provided an ideal scenario for bird watching in Nepal, which provides shelter to more than 890 species of birds. 

Birdwatching generally refers to the observation and identification of different species of birds in their natural environment as a hobby. Rich birdlife combined with a diverse range of habitats makes Nepal considered one of the best countries for birdwatching. The geographical configuration of Nepal, from flat Terai to towering peaks of the Himalayas, forms a variety of ecosystems that support more than 900 species of birds. These are both resident and migratory species, with some found nowhere else in the world.

Some of the reasons which make Nepal an ideal destination for birdwatching are stated below:

• Variety of Habitats: Starting from subtropical forests to alpine meadows, different topographies have supported different species in Nepal. Each region offers unique birdwatching opportunities.
• Wide Range of Species: The country houses more than 900 species, which include endangered and migratory birds such as the Himalayan vulture, white-rumped vulture, and various species of pheasants.
• Protected Areas: Many national parks and wildlife reserves, including Chitwan National Park and Bardiya National Park, are among the best areas in Nepal for birdwatching.
• Migratory Bird Routes: Nepal falls on the route through which many birds migrate between South Asia and Central Asia, especially along the Himalayan flyway, hence it’s an ideal place to spot seasonal visitors.

Best Locations for Birdwatching

• Chitwan National Park

Chitwan National Park houses over 540 species of birds. Wetlands and grasslands combine to form a perfect habitat for many birds. Locals and visitors alike commonly see kingfishers diving into the water, storks wading through the shallows, and eagles flying overhead. During winter, the park is a haven for migratory species such as the Siberian rubythroat and greater spotted eagle. A stroll along the Rapti River will increase the possibility of sighting some rare waterfowl.

Source- Google

• Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve

The Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve is considered one of those heaven-like areas for waterfowl and wetland birds. The Koshi Tappu serves as a habitat for critically endangered species such as Bengal florian. During winter, hundreds of migratory birds such as Bar-headed Geese, Ruddy Shelduck pass winter. Made up of enormous grasslands and bodies of water, the Reserve stands among the top-rated spots for bird photography.

Source- Google

• Phulchoki Hill

Phulchoki Hill is one of the closest to Kathmandu and is a site for bird watchers. This dense forest is renowned for its spiny babbler, a bird species found only in Nepal. You can also find sunbirds, laughingthrushes, and minivets. The proximity to the capital makes it an excellent choice for day trips. Hike through the trails early in the morning to enjoy the best birdwatching experience.

Source- Google

• Annapurna Conservation Area

Trekking and birding in the Annapurna region take another proportion: different altogether from many conservation areas featuring the Himalayan monal, Nepal’s national bird for its iridescent plumage of resplendent beauty. It is all possible that snow partridges and rosefinches might take some chances in higher regions whereas, around Ghandruk and Ghorepani, in the forest pheasants, and wand warblers will be in sight.

Source- Google

• Bardia National Park

The forests and rivers of Bardia National Park are in pristine condition attracting birds of various types. The hornbills, orioles, and barbets are common here. Comparatively quieter than Chitwan, this park allows tranquil bird watching. Take a leisurely walk along the banks of the Karnali River for any rare wetland species to be found.

Source- Google

Rare Birds to Watch

1. Himalayan Monal

Source- Google

The Himalayan Monal is one of the most beautiful birds because of its bright-colored plumage. The male, in particular, has iridescent colors including shades of blue, green, and red, with a distinctive crest on its head. It is the national bird of Nepal and can be found in higher-altitude forests and meadows, usually at an altitude ranging from 2,000 to 4,000 meters. The Himalayan Monal also plays a significant part in the local cultures and is associated with grace and beauty. Its habitat includes areas like the Annapurna Conservation Area and other highland regions of Nepal.

2. Spiny Babbler

Source: Google

 Turdoides nipalensis, the Spiny Babbler, is very rare in Nepal. Because of this, bird lovers yearn to have a glimpse once in their lifetime. Medium-sized, this bird looks spiny, mainly at its tail and backside feathers. In scrublands, forest edges, and low-lying areas, mainly in central and eastern Nepal, these can be found. The Spiny Babbler is seen in pairs or small groups, and it is considered an event to spot this rare bird because of its very limited distribution.

3. Bengal Florican

Source- Google

 The Bengal Florican (Houbaropsis bengalensis) is a critically endangered bird found in the grasslands of Nepal, particularly in the lowland Terai region. The male Bengal Florican is ornamented in striking, distinctive plumage: a black body with white wings catches the eye well in grasslands where this species occurs. On account of the dwindling population as a result of habitat loss and other environmental stresses, it has now become one of the prime concerns of conservationists. They are so rare birds that make any birdwatcher a jumping jack, especially during breeding since males can perform unparalleled courtship displays.

4. Sarus Crane

Source- Google

Standing over five feet tall, this is the tallest flying bird in the world. It has been described as one of the most gracefully looking birds, hence it is easily recognizable, with the bird having lengthy legs and a gray-and-red-headed body. These cranes in Nepal can usually be found in wetlands, paddy fields, or other water bodies. These cranes are known to make calls and can usually be spotted as a pair or in small groups. It is the species of conservation priority, and for its size and grace, any sighting is a highlight for the birdwatcher.

5. White-rumped Vulture

Source- Google

 The White-rumped Vulture, Gyps bengalensis, was once widely seen throughout South Asia but has declined significantly in number and is now critically endangered. The decline is due primarily to poisoning from veterinary drugs toxic to vultures. This large vulture, with its white patch on its back, is mainly found in the lowland areas of Nepal and is most often seen in protected areas and national parks. Vulture-safe zones and other such conservation measures continue to take place for this species to prevent further decline.

Tips for Bird-Watching tips in Nepal:

• Choose the right time 
•    Winter (October to February): This is considered the best time for bird watching as most of the migratory birds reach Nepal during this period. The cool temperature lures various species, particularly in the Terai region and wetlands.
• Spring (March to May: It is the time of the year when different species of native birds breed during this season. Time of the year is superb and other than migratory birds one could get a chance to glimpse into different colorful events of the local species’ nest-building, nurturing of their juveniles, etc.
• Find yourself the right guide. Guides have loads of information on the various birds, from their calls to their general habits and preferred habitats. You would be better suited to quickly spot a rare, very shy bird with more details into the ecosystem you visit.
• You would need a good pair of binoculars to view birds up close without disturbing them. These could be 8x or 10x with which a whole variety of birds could be observed.
• In case one wants to capture the beauty of the birds, take a camera with a telephoto lens.
• Avoid Unnecessary Noise, do not disturb the birds with noise or run them away; please speak softly and make less agitation in movement.
• Always stick to marked trails and never move from them so as not to destroy the local habitat. 
• Never feed the birds, chase after them, or in any way disturb any birds. The standing distance out of their sight allows them not to interfere with its natural pattern and habitats.

The suggestions mentioned above can allow one to see many bird species in Nepal while conserving some of its unique and diverse avifauna for many decades to come.

Conclusion

The landscape and bird diversity of Nepal vary from a birdwatcher’s paradise to name from Koshi Tappu wetlands to the alpine meadows of Annapurna, each has its uniqueness for sighting rare and beautiful birds. If you are planning a trip to Nepal then add birdwatching to your wishlist. If you want to more about adventure in Nepal, then you can contact us at Happy Mountain Nepal, on Facebook, Instagram, or TikTok.

FAQs

1. When is the best time for birdwatching in Nepal?

• The best time for birdwatching in Nepal is during the winter months (October to February) when migratory birds arrive. Spring (March to May) is also ideal for observing native birds, particularly during their breeding season.

2. What rare bird species do people find in Nepal?

• Nepal is home to several rare bird species, including the Himalayan Vulture, White-rumped Vulture, Nepal Wren-Babbler, and Danphe (Himalayan Monal), which is the national bird of Nepal.

3. Where are the best places for birdwatching in Nepal?

• Some of the top birdwatching spots in Nepal include:
  • Chitwan National Park
  • Bardiya National Park
  • Koshi Tappu Wildlife Reserve
  • Sagarmatha National Park
  • Rara Lake and surrounding areas

4. What kind of birds can I see in Nepal?

• Nepal hosts a wide variety of bird species, including migratory and resident birds such as pheasants, waterfowl, raptors, and passerines. Species like the Himalayan Griffon, Spotted Forktail, and Greater Adjutant Stork are often spotted.

5. Can I go birdwatching in the mountains of Nepal?

• Yes, the mountainous regions of Nepal, especially around the Annapurna Conservation Area and Sagarmatha National Park, offer excellent birdwatching opportunities. Here, you can spot high-altitude species like the Snow Partridge and Himalayan Buzzard.

6. Do I need a guide for birdwatching in Nepal?

• While it’s not mandatory, having a local guide significantly enhances the birdwatching experience. Guides know the local bird calls, habitat preferences, and the best spots to find rare species, making your experience more fruitful.

7. How can I prepare for birdwatching in Nepal?

• To prepare, bring a good pair of binoculars (8x or 10x magnification), a field guide specific to Nepal’s bird species, a camera with a telephoto lens, and comfortable clothing for walking in varying terrain. Also, research the birds you may encounter.

8. Are there any restrictions on birdwatching in Nepal?

• Yes, certain protected areas have specific rules regarding access, especially in national parks and wildlife reserves. It’s essential to follow all guidelines, stay on marked trails, and respect wildlife to preserve the habitats and the birds.

9. Is birdwatching in Nepal suitable for beginners?

• Yes, birdwatching in Nepal is suitable for both beginners and experienced birders. Beginners can enjoy the diversity of birds in easier-to-reach areas like Chitwan and Koshi Tappu, while more experienced birdwatchers can explore remote regions in the Himalayas.

10. What should I avoid while birdwatching in Nepal?

• Avoid making loud noises, disturbing birds, or venturing off the marked trails. Don’t try to feed the birds or get too close to them, as this can disrupt their natural behavior and habitat. Always respect local wildlife and the environment.